The last three of the תהילות אסף are more positive than the משכיל ones we looked at last time.
It’s a nice thought; ה׳ is good to the Jews! I would have translated אך as “but” if this came after the other תהילים that we looked at, but this in fact is the first of the Asaf Psalms, so it’s harder to translate it that way. The perek then goes on to deal with the classic problem of צדיק ורע לו, רשע וטוב לו, so Malbim translates אך as “surely”. The first line is to reassure us not to give up hope halfway through the perek.
Rashi also assumes this introductory pasuk is anticipatory, but goes with the “but” translation.
Asaf adds that ה׳ is good to the ברי לבב, ”clean of heart“. As the Ramchal puts it, this is about purity of thoughts. We have to have the right attitude.
David says that being בר לבב is a prerequisite to coming to the בית המקדש:
Asaf starts by saying that he didn’t start as a ברי לבב:
And he describes how good the רשעים have it:
They live lives of comfort, and even their deaths are easy.
They do all sorts of terrible things, but still are rich, fat and happy:
But I (says Asaf), tried to perfect myself, but all I get is suffering:
And if he, אסף החזה, concluded that there was no point to being good, he would have corrupted an entire generation:
But, fortunately, he stopped to think:
And he goes back to the conclusion that Moshe had described in תהילים צב:
As human beings, we only see a very short period of time, so the wicked appear successful. But that will end quickly.
Seeing the truth will be like wakening from a dream, and we will realize that the image of the fat and happy רשע was not something to envy, but something to despise.
He confesses that he was exactly what Moshe described: an איש בער לא ידע.
אשתונן is hard to translate; it literally means “sharpened”; כליות, literally “kidneys” is always used in תהילים as “mind”.
So I would translate, “my mind was on edge”.
But now I understand, and come back to אך טוב לישראל אלקים; I will keep my faith in ה׳:
And those רשעים will be lost.
לספר כל מלאכותיך: I will speak of all your messengers in the world. And so Asaf finds his role in life, to be אסף החזה, the נביא who writes תהילים.
The next perek I want to look at, תהילים פרק עה, is a מזמור שיר but one titled אל תשחת, ”please, do not destroy“. It is an eschatological psalm, about the common idea in תנ״ך of a final judgment.
ה׳ will chose the day of His judgment, and everything will change:
Asaf’s message is to the fools, the הוללים, whom he had envied in the previous perek, קנאתי בהוללים.
קרן is a common metaphor in תנ״ך for power, generally not in terms of strength but in terms of (political) authority. Kings have קרן.
You want to תרימו קרנכם, assert your authority, but that which uplifts, הרים, is not found on Earth, from east to west, and not in unexplored territories. If you want to be uplifted, you need to seek ה׳.
We have talked before (in Days of Yore) about the metaphor of כוס ה׳ and His wine, symbolizing having to deal with the consequences of one’s actions.
As Shlomo said,
The next perek is explicitly about the “Final Battle”, the war called battle of Gog and Magog in Yechezkel. Asaf describes it as though it had already happened.
The point Asaf makes is that it wasn’t a battle; it was like קריעת ים סוף or the destruction of Sancherev’s army in front of Jerusalem. There was an enemy army, then there wasn’t.
And this is all to save ענוי ארץ, the humble. ה׳ wipes out the haughty; as Asaf said in the previous perek, כי אלקים שפט; זה ישפיל וזה ירים.
And this ends not with the destruction of the enemy, but with the enemy subdued and acknowledging ה׳:
And that is Asaf’s final message, not a prayer of vengeance but of peace.