The perakim I want to look at now are also attributed to בני קרח, but they are much happier. They are about the אחרית הימים, the “end of days” but not the violence that we call מלחמת גוג ומגוג, but to the time after. It is a common theme in תנ״ך:
תהילים פרק מו starts with a כותרת:
עֲלָמוֹת is the name of a musical instrument:
But we have seen the term used to describe how ה׳ runs the world:
And that is implied here as well: ה׳ is running things, behind the scenes.
This is the opposite of the perek we looked at [last time](/Propaganda Piece), where the psalmist lamented the fact that ה׳ was not present, and all he could hear was “deep calling to deep”:
But here, even as the deeps and the mountains roar, he knows that ה׳ is present. And more than present: נמצא מאד.
And the rushing water, instead of being a symbol of chaos, becomes a symbol of ה׳'s providence over the world.
The river coming from עיר אלקים brings us back to גן עדן:
And in the אחרית הימים, Jerusalem will be that גן עדן, with a נהר יצא מעדן to support the rest of the world:
And this vision is not of a final war, but a final peace: מַשְׁבִּית מִלְחָמוֹת עַד קְצֵה הָאָרֶץ.
The next perek is familiar, since we say it on Rosh Hashanah (in fact we repeat it seven time right before shofar blowing).
This is also a theme that recurs in תנ״ך, the “great shofar” that marks the final reign of הקב״ה:
The shofar marks the crowning of the king:
And then all the nations will acknowledge ה׳'s rule:
But ידבר עמים תחתינו doesn’t mean that the Jews will rule the world; it means that we will be an example. יַדְבֵּר means “to lead”:
So תחת רגלינו doesn’t mean “under our feet” but “via our path, our example”.
And ה׳ will allow us to live in our land, יבחר לנו את נחלתנו, with the בית המקדש, called גאון יעקב.
The second half of the perek could be read as a continuation of the first; עלה אלקים בתרועה about the שופר גדול.
But the midrash notes that there is a change in ה׳‘s name; שם הויה is the name of מדת הרחמים. This half of the perek describes our annual “pre-enactment” of ה׳’s מלכות every year:
We say about Rosh Hashana, ותשובה ותפילה וצדקה מעבירין את רוע הגזרה. In this perek, בני קרח emphasize that it is צדקה that moves ה׳ from כסא הדין to כסא רחמים. It is נדיבי עמים who are the מגני ארץ, who truly elevate ה׳.
The next perek can also be read as a description of future redemption, or the annual forgiveness of the יומים נוראים.
The proof of ה׳‘s forgiveness, נשאת עון עמך, is רצית ה׳ ארצך: when we do ה׳’s will, the land is productive. That is why יום הדין is at the start of the rainy season. It is the only time that the Torah mentions ראש השנה:
So the psalmist prays that this will happen every year:
And then the volta: what can we do make this happen? ה׳ has already told us:
This leads into one of my favorite aggadot:
If we, on earth, can act in a way that is אמת, that will result in צדק and ה׳ will reward us with prosperity:
The next perek is similar to תהילים פרק מח, a paean to Jerusalem. This one is shorter, and doesn’t have the aspect of rebuke that פרק מח does.
There are great people among the nations, but everyone in Jerusalem is great.
[In תנ״ך, רהב is a poetic term for Egypt.]
This becomes a sort of self-affirmation. After all the negative תהילים, we need the reassurance that we, individually matter: ה׳ יספר בכתוב עמים; זה ילד שם.
But the message of the perek is about ה׳, not human beings. All of our existence, fundamentally, is a מזמור to our ultimate Source.