The Rambam says that the “ברכת האורך”, as it is called in the halacha, does not have a fixed text. You can say whatever you want:
And nowadays we have expanded this ברכת האורך to almost double the size of bentching (all the הרחמן's are part of this section; the formal ברכת המזון ends with לעולם אל יחסרינו) and we even say it when we are not a guest; we bless ourselves. The center of our ברכת האורך is:
We say it all the time, but what is בַּכֹּל, מִכֹּל, כֹּל? The expression comes from the gemara:
And that is the connection to this week’s parsha: each of the אבות were blessed with a variation on the word כֹּל, and we ask that our host be similarly blessed:
As an aside, Rabbi Gail Labovitz, former chair of the Department of Rabbinics at the Ziegler School, proposed an egalitarian equivalent for the אמהות:
And this is exactly the part of ברכת המזון where innovations like this are appropriate; יש לו רשות להוסיף בברכת בעל הבית (assuming your host appreciates it).
But what exactly are these blessings of כֹּל? The commentators bring many interpretations:
(Rabbi Meir feels that having a daughter who would have to marry out and be lost to the Jewish people would be no blessing)
But the underlying message seems to be clearest from the contrast with Esav’s comment:
To sum up, the ברכה of בַּכֹּל מִכֹּל כֹּל is the message of the mishna:
However, there is a certain irony in each of these examples of כֹּל; each was an awareness of something they didn’t have; they don’t have everything. Avraham realizes that having a child isn’t enough; he needs grandchildren. Yitzchak realizes that he doesn’t understand his children at all. Yaakov realizes that despite the ברכות that ה׳ gave him, he is still subject to the whims of his psychopath brother. And they still felt that they had כֹּל. It’s not just being satisfied with what you have; it’s realizing that everything you have, even the lack of something, is a gift from G-d. That is the טעם מעין עולם הבא. When we look back from עולם הבא, we will see how everything worked out. The אבות saw that even in their lifetimes.
Zohar Atkins has an interesting perspective on this ברכת הכל:
And he looks at the first time the Torah uses the word כֹּל as a noun, not qualifying some other word. Here it means quite literally, everything:
The midrash says that this כל, that ה׳ saw was טוב מאד, wasn’t what we would call Good:
And we allude to this every day in our davening:
בורא את הכל is a euphemism:
כל has to include רע as well as שלום. Atkins points out that Avraham gave his כל to Yitzchak:
But כל is not a מתנה, not a gift. It’s a responsibility.
To be blessed with בַּכֹּל מִכֹּל כֹּל is not only to be שמח בחלקו but to accept that יסורין and פרענות are part of טוב מאד, part of the infinite complexity that makes us human. It may not be a מתנה, but it is a ברכה. To quote Naomi Shemer:
And that is what we wish, for ourselves and our hosts, in ברכת המזון.