I am going to get very Chassidic and give the Sfas Emes’s answer to that question, but first we have to look at a pasuk in ספר משלי (this is a plug for the Mishlei class, Tuesday nights on Zoom):
At the פשט level, this is talking about the evils of לשון הרע.
That
sounds like a nice משל, worth remembering, but the midrash connects it to our parsha. In the middle of the discussion of יובל, the Torah talks about אונאה, “aggrieving”:
The Sfas Emes starts with this midrash:
That comment of יש חיות הש״י בכל דבר requires some unpacking.
חיות הש״י בכל דבר is panentheism.
This idea was the basis of the theological מחלוקת between Chassidim and Mitnagdim. Rabbi Gil Student has an article titled, Is Chabad Heresy?, based on letters from Vilna Gaon and the Baal HaTanya (the first Lubavitch Rebbe) to a mutual aquaintance.
The Vilna Gaon specifically called out the Baal HaTanya:
The Baal HaTanya agreed with the Vilna Gaon about his philosophy but says it is not heretical.
So, is Chabad heresy?
So the Sfas Emes tells us that there is a spark of the divine in everything in the universe. He continues to look at the metaphor of ben Sira, היתה לפניו גחלת ונפח בה ובערה, רקק בה וכבת.
Your לשון, your speech, has the power to bring out the divine spark in everything.
Preschoolers are learning about language and cause and effect, and they watch grownups say things that really come true: “we’re going to Grandma’s”, and they actually end up at Grandma’s; “if you eat all that candy, you’ll get a tummy ache”, and it happens. So they learn that language has the power to affect the world. A four-year-old who says “I didn’t break the lamp” isn’t really lying; he is creating a better reality. As adults, we know that the world doesn’t work that way, but the Sfas Emes is saying that in a spiritual sense it does, especially with other people. אונאת דברים is destructive.
And he extends that to the other מצוות of the parsha. שמיטה and יובל are מצוות that require all of כלל ישראל to be united on their land.
And so he answers Rashi’s question: מה ענין שמטה אצל הר סיני?
Whether you are a chasid or mitnaged, whether you see every physical thing as containing a spark of the divine, doesn’t matter. We all agree that every human being does contain a spark of the divine, is created בדמות אלוקים. And מות וחיים ביד לשון, the way we treat others determines the fate of the universe.